About 300 million children live with outdoor air so polluted it can cause serious physical damage, including harming their developing brains, the United Nations said in a study released on October 31.
Nearly one child in seven around the globe breathes outdoor air that is at least six times dirtier than international guidelines, according to the study by the UN Children's Fund. The study called air pollution a leading factor in child mortality.
UNICEF published the study a week before the annual UN climate change talks, with the upcoming round to be hosted by Morocco from November 7 until November 18.
The agency, which promotes the rights and wellbeing of children, is pushing for world leaders to take urgent action to reduce air pollution in their countries.
“Air pollution is a major contributing factor in the deaths of around 600,000 children under five every year, and it threatens the lives and futures of millions more every day,” said Anthony Lake, executive director of UNICEF.
UNICEF pointed to satellite imagery which it said confirms that about two billion children live in areas where outdoor air pollution exceeds minimum air quality guidelines set by the World Health Organisation.
The air is poisoned by vehicle emissions, fossil fuels, dust, burning waste and other airborne pollutants, it said.
South Asia has the largest number of children living in such areas at about 620 million, followed by Africa with 520 million and the East Asia and Pacific region with 450 million.
Together, outdoor and indoor air pollution are directly linked to pneumonia and other respiratory diseases that account for almost one death in 10 in children under the age of five, making air pollution a leading danger to children’s health, UNICEF said.
UNICEF called for more robust measures to reduce pollution, increase children's access to healthcare and to monitor and minimise children's exposure to polluted air.
[Abridged from .]